Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on 177 species 281 samples, of. Sporobolus indicus is capable of naturalising in disturbed areas such as along roadsides and in grasslands and pastures in hawaii pier, 2009. It is generally considered to be an inferior pasture species, as evidenced by names like poverty grass or smut grass. The inflorescence is a dense, narrow, spikelike panicle of grayish or light brown spikelets, its base sometimes sheathed by the upper leaf. To download the original size of this image, click on the link below.
Sporobolus indicus in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Plants home about plants plants team partners of plants whats new at plants national plant data team web. In addition, users can learn about the location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for each plant. The plant list includes 483 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus sporobolus. Other trade names may be available, and other compounds also are labeled for this weed. Phillips annuals or perennials, tufted or sometimes with creeping rhizomes or stolons. Large image for sporobolus indicus smut grass usda plants. It can often be distinguished in late summer and fall but the presence of a black smut throughout the inflorescence, hence the name smutgrass. Pdf a molecular phylogeny and new subgeneric classification of. Sporobolus is a genus of about 160 grass species endemic to tropical and subtropical regions simon and jacobs, 1999. Page 1 1 biology of small smutgrass sporobolus indicus var. Smutgrass sporobolus indicus control in bermudagrass cynodon dactylon turf with triazinemsma applications volume 8 issue 4 roy k. The plant list includes a further 143 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus sporobolus.
The new york flora atlas is a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state, as well as information on plant habitats, associated ecological communities, and taxonomy. Eddmaps distribution this map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. Smutgrass sporobolus indicus control in bermudagrass cynodon dactylon turf with triazinemsma applications1 roy k. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Parramatta grass sporobolus africanus is a relatively small plant usually less than 50 cm tall with relatively small spikelike i. The university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer.
Smutgrass management in bermudagrass and bahiagrass pastures. As a warm season perennial, smutgrass remains dormant in the winter, begins growing in the. Derivationfrom greek sporos seed and bolos throwing, alluding to the ease of dispersal of the seed taxonomic revisions. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Giant rats tail grass sporobolus pyramidalis is a significant environmental weed in queensland and northern new south wales.
An sporobolus indicus in nahilalakip ha genus nga sporobolus, ngan familia nga poaceae. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Jepson manual treatment sporobolus indicus sporobolus indicus photo gallery. Sporobolus indicus is a perennial bunchgrass producing a tuft of stems up to about a meter3 feet tall. Pdf the entire internal transcribed spacer its region, including the 5.
Managing smutgrass in irrigated pastures anr publication 8473 3 annual weeds can be controlled with glyphosate throughout most of their life cycle, but control. Small smutgrass sporobolus indicus, also called smutgrass is a tufted perennial grass native to tropical america fig. Sporobolus indicus smut grass this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. No allergy has been reported for smut grass sporobolus indicus species. Sporobolus indicus uc weed research and information center. Smutgrass management in bermudagrass and bahiagrass pastures smutgrass sporobolus indicus is a tuft forming nonnative perennial weed that affects many improved perennial grass pastures in texas, florida, georgia and other southern states. Sporobolus africanus is an invasive tussock grass native to subsaharan africa. These seedheads have numerous relatively long branches 50100 mm long that stiffly spread away from the main stem. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought. The rattail grass sporobolus indicus is a tuft forming perrenial grass native to various countries in continental africa. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by wind.
The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 444243 with original publication details. Dec 10, 2014 this page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 00. Sporobolus indicus wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. While some dropseeds, such as prairie dropseed sporobolus heterolepis, make nice gardening plants, they are generally considered who. Weedy sporobolus grasses are all exotic nonnative species. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. In australia, five alien invasive species of the indicus group s. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.
A weed report from the book weed control in natural areas in the western united states smutgrass. These are primarily included because names of species rank are. Seven species fall outside the major clades in both trees, and the placement of ten species of sporobolus are discordant in the nuclear and. This page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 00. A large image of sporobolus indicus smut grass from the usda plants database.
Sporobolus is a genus of about 160 species endemic to tropical and subtropical regions simon and jacobs, 1999. Pdf phylogeny of the sporobolus indicus complex, based on. This plant may be known by one or more common names in. It was also recently listed as a priority environmental weed in at least one natural resource management region. A molecular phylogeny and new subgeneric classification of sporobolus poaceae. This species invades native grasslands, open woodlands, conservation reserves and wetland areas. Pdf impact of soil ph on bahiagrass competition with. Common names gramigna tenacissima in italian madhol hodi in hebrew rattail smutgrass in language. Sporobolus indicus bergianska tradgarden stockholm, sweden dsc00559. Sporobolus indicus produces an ellipsoid quadrangular caryopsis with a free, soft pericarp. In cuba, buffaloes fed on grazed pasture diet containing 10% sporobolus indicus, 22. Pdf smutgrass is an invasive, wellrooted perennial that has long been recognized as an aggressive weed throughout florida and in the subtropical.
Sporobolus indicus is usually a rather densely tufted, perennial, slender, wiry grass with erect, branched stems up to 1 metre tall345. Download a highresolution jpeg image of sporobolus indicus. Other species are reported to be used as famine foods, such as sporobolus indicus in parts of the oromia region of ethiopia, where it is known as muriy in oromiffa. Pdf high seed production makes sporobolus indicus var. The combined presence in the pacific of these species is listed above. General information sporobolus indicus is usually a rather densely tufted, perennial, slender, wiry grass with erect, branched stems up to 1 metre tall. The following specific use information is based on published papers and reports by researchers and land. The following specific use information is based on published papers and reports by researchers and land managers. Other reports from new zealand and niue confirm that this is common in other areas where s. Seventeen species and one subspecies of sporobolus are recognized in the study. Sporobolus indicus smut grass, rattail grass, west indian.
Smutgrass sporobolus indicus control in bermudagrass. Sporobolus indicus is capable of naturalising in disturbed areas such as along roadsides and in. Pdf green leaves and seeds alcoholic extract controls. An sporobolus in nahilalakip ha familia nga poaceae ilarom nga taxa. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank.
A taxonomic genus within the family poaceae dropseeds. Sporobolus indicus is a species of grass known by the common name smut grass. Smut grass species description this species includes one or more native variety or subspecies to north america and one or more introduced variety or subspecies. These seedheads have numerous short branches 1020 mm long that are usually held closely i. Select from img where ready1 and taxon sporobolus indicus order by taxon click on the thumbnail to see an enlargement. They present considerable taxonomic difficulties in identification, particularly those in the indicus complex pilger, 1956. Two or three applications of msma applied alone were ineffective in controlling smutgrass in common bermudagrass turf. Other species are reported to be used as famine foods, such as sporobolus indicus. Giant rats tail grass was introduced into australia for pasture evaluation but was widely distributed as a contaminant of pasture seed between the 1960s and 1980s.
Some sporobolus grasses are native to australia, and these do not pose a weed problem. The species present considerable taxonomic difficulties in identification, particularly those in the indicus complex pilger, 1956. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Sporobolus indicus is usually a rather densely tufted, perennial, slender, wiry grass with erect, branched stems up to 1 metre tall. This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from usda plants database. The name, smutgrass, is given for the darkcolored fungus, often found on the seed heads giving it.
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